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Garantex (Estonia/Russia-based exchange) processed over $100 million in illicit crypto transactions since 2019, including funds from multiple ransomware gangs. It was a key laundering hub used by Conti, Black Basta, LockBit, NetWalker, Phoenix, and Ryuk actors. The sanctions (with international law enforcement support in March 2025) aimed to disrupt this financial infrastructure of ransomware operations.